Education

Higher education should be a wealth-building pathway. For Black, Hispanic, and low-income students, it is increasingly a debt pathway — one that constrains homeownership, delays retirement savings, and widens the racial wealth gap. JBI examines the student debt crisis, education finance equity, and the policies that could change the trajectory.

44%

of off-track aspiring homeowners carry student loan debt — the third most cited barrier to homeownership
JBI 2050 Survey, 2025

8M

borrowers lost affordable repayment options when the SAVE plan was eliminated
U.S. Department of Education

26%

of off-track aspiring homeowners carry student loan balances above $25,000
JBI 2050 Survey, 2025

19%

of Black Gen Z had a savings account established by parents — vs. 36% of White Gen Z, reflecting the wealth gap that drives borrowing
JBI 2050 Survey, 2025

JBI Research & the 2050 Survey

Key Figures

By 2050 the communities with the highest entrepreneurial ambition will be the majority of this country. Former JBI President Mitria Wilson-Spotser talks with Shannan Herbert, CEO & President of the Washington Area Community Investment Fund, Inc. (WACIF) about what will it take to meet this moment head-on. Find this episode on your podcast platform.
The Viewpoint is the official podcast of the Julian Bond institute for Financial Equity Research at the Center for Responsible Lending. Join us as we discuss economic empowerment, responsible innovation, and a fairer financial landscape, while offering practical takeaways and forward-looking ideas that can shape policy, financial markets, and your everyday financial decisions.
This tool provides an interactive way to explore the data of JBI's 2050 Survey. Click a topic on the left to jump to that section, or a survey question on the right to view its related data. Once you are within a section, click on the 'Home' icon to return to the main menu. The dashboard is optimized for a desktop experience and is not available on a mobile device.
As living costs continue to rise and the federal student loan system is being fundamentally restructured, millions of borrowers are caught between increasing household expenses and a repayment system that is becoming harder to navigate. Understanding the financial condition of the borrower population before these changes take full effect matters because policy changes interact with the financial circumstances of the people they affect. Drawing on data from the Julian Bond Institute’s 2050 Survey, which was administered by NORC at the University of Chicago, this analysis examines how federal student loan borrowers are faring as those changes take effect. The survey is a nationally representative effort designed to examine financial experiences at the intersection of race and generation, and it captures a broader range of financial indicators than most existing data sources. The findings reported here draw on the subset of respondents who currently hold federal student loan debt. The data show that many borrowers are already financially strained. For a population already managing multiple debt obligations, with little savings and limited cash flow, policy changes that increase payment obligations, narrow repayment options, or resume aggressive collections could not be coming at a worse time.

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